KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT & INNOVATION
Manajemen Pengetahuan (KM) dan Inovasi
KM didefinisikan sebagai proses lewat mana perusahaan menghasilkan nilai dari aset perusahaan yang berbasis intelektual dan pengetahuan. Proses menghasilkan nilai dari aset intelektual dan aset pengetahuan ini melibatkan proses sharing atau proses membagi dengan cara menyampaikan aset-aset berbasis pengetahuan tersebut di antara para manajer, para karyawan, departemen, dan bahkan perusahaan-perusahaan lain dalam upaya untuk mentransfer best practices. Yang penting untuk dicatat di sini adalah bahwa definisi ini tidak bicara apapun tentang teknologi (teknologi informasi). KM didukung oleh teknologi informasi dan perusahaan memerlukannya, Tetapi teknologi informasi pada dirinya sendiri adalah bukan KM. Teknologi informasi adalah kondisi yang perlu (necessary condition) dalam KM, bukan kondisi yang cukup (sufficient condition) dalam KM.
Keterkaitannya antara KM dan inovasi adalah bahwa KM menunjang upaya dan daya inovasi perusahaan. KM dapat memberi kontribusi penting dalam setiap kegiatan rantai nilai inovasi. Basis KM yang kuat dalam perusahaan menjadi modal awal yang baik untuk setiap upaya dan implementasi inovasi. Dan hasil-hasil kegiatan inovasi pada gilirannya akan memperkuat atau dapat memperbaharui basis KM perusahaan. Praktik-praktik unggul dalam perusahaan (best practices) yang dapat ditransfer antar unit dalam organisasi atau perusahaan yang sama atau antar perusahaan berbeda tanpa adanya inovasi lebih lanjut akan menjadi usang dan tidak lagi dapat menopang kehidupan perusahaan. Pada situasi ini, inovasi harus dilakukan untuk merevitalisasi dan memperbaharui atau menciptakan praktik-praktik terbaik di dalam perusahaan (best practices).
Hubungan antara KM dan kinerja perusahaan (bottom-line performance) harus dilihat dari perspektif yang lebih luas dan sistemik yang memperhitungkan semua pemangku kepentingan (stakeholders) yang relevan. KM sebagai dasar atau basis inovasi. KM dapat diumpamakan sebagai otak dari inovasi dalam perusahaan atau organisasi. Kinerja organisasi adalah konsekuensi logis dari keberhasilan teknis, komersial, dan ekonomi dari inovasi.
Sumber : http://www.avantifontana.com/blog/2008/03/24/knowledge-management-innovation/
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